Rapid Intravenous Rehydration to Correct Dehydration and Resolve Vomiting in Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

Anoush AZARFAR; Yalda RAVANSHAD; Aghillolah KEYKHOSRAVI; Sepideh BAGHERI; Ziaoddin GHARASHI; Mohammad ESMAEELI

doi:10.5505/1304.7361.2014.66049

Anoush AZARFAR¹, Yalda RAVANSHAD¹, Aghillolah KEYKHOSRAVI¹, Sepideh BAGHERI¹, Ziaoddin GHARASHI², Mohammad ESMAEELI¹

¹Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
²Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Keywords: Emergency department; gastroenteritis; rehydration; vomiting

Abstract

Objectives

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of rapid intravenous rehydration to resolve vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis.

Methods

This randomized control trial was conducted in the pediatric emergency department in a tertiary care center in Tabriz, North-West of Iran. The study participants' were 150 children with acute gastroenteritis and vomiting who were moderately dehydrated, had not responded to oral rehydration therapy and without any electrolyte abnormalities. 20–30 cc/kg of a crystalloid solution was given intravenously over 2 hours and the control group was admitted in the emergency department (ED) for a standard 24 hour hydration. Effectiveness of rapid intravenous rehydration in the resolution of vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis was evaluated.

Results

In 63 children of the intervention group (out of 75) vomiting was resolved after rapid IV rehydration and they were discharged. Among them, 12 that did not tolerate oral fluids were admitted. In the control group, 62 patients' vomiting was resolved in the first 4 hours after admission, and there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding resolution of vomiting.

Conclusions

Rapid intravenous rehydration in children with moderate dehydration and vomiting due to gastroenteritis is effective in reducing admission rates in the ED.